mysql-master2:192.168.72.129
os版本:centos 5.4
mysql版本:5.5.9(主从复制的master和slave服务器中的mysql版本相同或者master版本高于slave版本)
一、mysql master-master配置
1、修改mysql配置文件
两台mysql均如要开启binlog日志功能,开启方法:在mysql-master1 配置文件/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]段中加上
user = mysql
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id = 1
binlog-do-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-do-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
log-slave-updates
slave-skip-errors=all
sync_binlog=1
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1
在mysql-master2 配置文件/etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]段中加上
user = mysql
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id= 2
binlog-do-db=test
binlog-ignore-db=mysql
replicate-do-db=test
replicate-ignore-db=mysql
log-slave-updates
slave-skip-errors=all
sync_binlog=1
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=2
将两个配置文件保存,分别重启mysql服务器
server_id值必须为2到232–1之间的一个正整数值。id值唯一的标识了复制群集中的主从服务器,因此它们必须各不相同。
binlog-do-db=database 是要记录日志的数据库;
同步多个数据库重复设置选项binlog-do-db=test 和replicate-do-db=test
例如
binlog-do-db=test1
replicate-do-db=test1
binlog-do-db=test2
replicate-do-db=test2
binlog-ignore-db 是不要记录日志的数据库名,多个数据库中间用逗号(,)隔开;
mysql配置文件my.cnf中 log-slave-updates表示 如果一个master 挂掉的话,另外一个马上接管。
sync_binlog=1
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1 指的是服务器频繁的刷新日志。这个保证了在其中一台挂掉的话,日志刷新到另外一台。从而保证了数据的同步 。
auto_increment_offset = 1
auto_increment_increment = 2
这样a的auto_increment字段产生的数值是:1, 3, 5, 7, …等奇数id了
auto_increment_offset = 2
auto_increment_increment = 2
这样b的auto_increment字段产生的数值是:2, 4, 6, 8, …等偶数id了
你的auto_increment字段在不同的服务器之间绝对不会重复,所以master-master结构就没有任何问题了。当然,你还可以使用3 台,4台,或者n台服务器,只要保证auto_increment_increment = n 再设置一下auto_increment_offset为适当的初始值就可以了,那样,我们的mysql可以同时有几十台主服务器,而不会出现自增长id 重复。
2、将192.168.72.128设为192.168.72.129的主服务器
在192.168.72.128上新建授权用户
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'%' identified by 'replication';
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>flush privileges;
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| file | position | binlog_do_db | binlog_ignore_db |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 374 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
在192.168.72.129将192.168.72.128为自己的主服务器
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.72.128',master_user='replication',master_password='replication',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=374;
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> start slave;
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status/g
*************************** 1. row ***************************
slave_io_state: waiting for master to send event
master_host: 192.168.72.128
master_user: replication
master_port: 3306
connect_retry: 60
master_log_file: mysql-bin.000003
read_master_log_pos: 374
relay_log_file: mysql-master2-relay-bin.000002
relay_log_pos: 235
relay_master_log_file: mysql-bin.000003
slave_io_running: yes
slave_sql_running: yes
replicate_do_db:
replicate_ignore_db:
replicate_do_table:
replicate_ignore_table:
replicate_wild_do_table:
replicate_wild_ignore_table:
last_errno: 0
last_error:
skip_counter: 0
exec_master_log_pos: 374
relay_log_space: 235
until_condition: none
until_log_file:
until_log_pos: 0
master_ssl_allowed: no
master_ssl_ca_file:
master_ssl_ca_path:
master_ssl_cert:
master_ssl_cipher:
master_ssl_key:
seconds_behind_master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
红色标注部分为192.168.72.128主机中show master status命令结果中的file postion两个值
3、将192.168.72.129设为192.168.72.128的主服务器
在192.168.72.129上新建授权用户
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'replication'@'%' identified by 'replication';
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>flush privileges;
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| file | position | binlog_do_db | binlog_ignore_db |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 374 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
在192.168.72.128将192.168.72.129为自己的主服务器
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.72.129',master_user='replication',master_password='replication',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=374;
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> start slave;
query ok, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status/g
*************************** 1. row ***************************
slave_io_state: waiting for master to send event
master_host: 192.168.72.129
master_user: replication
master_port: 3306
connect_retry: 60
master_log_file: mysql-bin.000003
read_master_log_pos: 374
relay_log_file: mysql-master2-relay-bin.000002
relay_log_pos: 235
relay_master_log_file: mysql-bin.000003
slave_io_running: yes
slave_sql_running: yes
replicate_do_db:
replicate_ignore_db:
replicate_do_table:
replicate_ignore_table:
replicate_wild_do_table:
replicate_wild_ignore_table:
last_errno: 0
last_error:
skip_counter: 0
exec_master_log_pos: 374
relay_log_space: 235
until_condition: none
until_log_file:
until_log_pos: 0
master_ssl_allowed: no
master_ssl_ca_file:
master_ssl_ca_path:
master_ssl_cert:
master_ssl_cipher:
master_ssl_key:
seconds_behind_master: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
如果主数据库有数据的话
数据库锁表操作,不让数据再进行写入动作。mysql> flush tables with read lock ;
用命令mysqldump
备份数据库。
在master服务器执行
shell> mysqldump -uroot -p123456 --master-data --opt test1 > backup-file.sql
看主数据库的状态mysql> show master status;
记录file 和position 项的值
注:由于没有锁定主服务器,这里记录的主服务器二进制日志position值可能会大于做mysqldump时的值,这将导致从服务器丢失在此期间的更新。如果可以保证在此期间主服务器不会出现创建新表的更新,那么丢失的影响不大;否则,将导致从服务器复制线程失败,这时必须在做mysqldump时锁定主服务器。
-----------------------------------------------
从服务器中my.cnf文件中加入选项
skip-slave-start
skip-slave-start 表示从mysql服务器启动时不启动同步线程,这就要在启动从服务器之后,手工启动同步线程,在mysql> 提示符下面运行“start slave”就可以
保存my.cnf后
执行
shell> mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 create test1
shell> mysql -uroot -p123456 test1
启动从服务器线程
mysql>start slave;
取消主数据库锁定mysql>unlock tables;
4、其他命令
1、查看复制进度
需要在主库上运行
mysql>show processlist /g;
2、主服务器上的相关命令:
show processlist;
show master status
show slave hosts
show {master|binary} logs
show binlog events
purge {master|binary} logs to 'log_name'
purge {master|binary} logs before 'date'
reset master(老版本flush master)
set sql_log_bin={0|1}
3、从服务器上的相关命令:
slave start
slave stop
slave stop io_thread //此线程把master段的日志写到本地
slave start io_thread
slave stop sql_thread //此线程把写到本地的日志应用于数据库
slave start sql_thread
reset slave
set global sql_slave_skip_counter
load data from master
show slave status(super,replication client)
change master to master_host=, master_port=,master_user=, master_password= //动态改变master信息
purge master [before 'date'] 删除master端已同步过的日志
=========================================================================
skip-slave-start
server-id = 1
log-bin=c:/program files/mysql/mysql server 5.0/00/repbinlog
log-error=c:/program files/mysql/mysql server 5.0/rep/rep.err
relay-log=c:/program files/mysql/mysql server 5.0/rep/beltal_relay_log
sync_binlog=1
log-slave-updates
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1
binlog-do-db=sync
#slave
master-host = 192.168.1.144
master-user = replicate
master-password = replicate
master-port = 3306
master-connect-retry=60
replicate-do-db = sync
report-host=192.168.1.80
摘自 roockee的博客 bitscn.com