rman备份是指使用recovery manager备份数据文件、控制文件、归档日志和spfile的方法。
并且因为rman备份是由target database的服务器进程来完成，所以当使用rman执行备份操作时，target database必须处于mount或open状态。
当使用rman执行备份操作时，必须分配通道，并且rman备份是由通道所对应的服务器进程来完成的。
3.1create backup set
database（full）backup set
rman>backupdatabaseformat = ‘/home/oracle/rman/’;
tablespace backup set
rman>backuptablespace[name] format= ‘/home/oracle/rman/%n_%s.bak’;
datafile backup set
rman>backupdatafile[n] format= ‘/home/oracle/rman/’;
controlfile backup set
rman>backupcurrent controlfileformat= ‘/home/oracle/rman/%d_%s.ctl’;
e.g. [include current controlfile];
spfile backup set
rman>backupspfileformat='/home/oracle/rman/%d_%s.ora';
archivelog backup set
rman>backup format='/home/oracle/rman/%d_%s.arc'
2>archivelogfrom time='sysdate-1' until time='sysdate';
rman>run{
2>allocate channel c1 type disk;
3>sql 'alter system archive log current';
4>backup archivelog all
5>format='/home/oracle/rman/arch_%d_%s_%p_%t';
6>}
e.g. [plus archivelog];
rman> list backupset of archivelog all;
parallelization backup set
duplexed backup sets
rman>backup copies [n]tablespace[name]
2>format= ‘/u01/bak1/%n_%s.dbf’,’/u01/bak2/%n_%s.dbf’,
3>’/u01/bak3/%n_%s.dbf’;
rman> backup backupset [n] format = ‘/u01/bak1/%n_%s.dbf’;
rman> configure channel device type [name]
2> maxpiecesize 4g;
rman> backup device type [name] format ‘’
，