奇数机
主机名：ocm1 oracle_sid=prod ip:192.168.1.161 oracle用户：密码是oracle root用户：密码是123456
偶数机 主机名：ocm2 oracle_sid=emrep和sbdb ip:192.168.1.162 oracle用户：密码oracle root用户：密码123456
操作系统版本：enterprise-r5-u4-server-i386-dvd 数据库版本：10.2.0.2.0 gridcontrol版本：10.2.0.1.1
section 0 :创建数据库(即手动建库) 1. create a database the sid name is prod 2. don't run the script catalog.sql and catproc.sql
参考联机文档： reference ==> basic initialization parameters http://docs.oracle.com/cd/b19306_01/server.102/b14237/initparams002.htm#cjajhded
administrator's guide ==> step 7: issue the create database statement http://docs.oracle.com/cd/b19306_01/server.102/b14231/create.htm#sthref242
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ hostname ocm1 [oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cat /etc/redhat-release red hat enterprise linux server release 5.4 (tikanga) [oracle@ocm1 ~]$ /sbin/ifconfig eth0 link encap:ethernet hwaddr 08:00:27:23:43:c3 inet addr:192.168.1.161 bcast:192.168.1.255 mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe23:43c3/64 scope:link up broadcast running multicast mtu:1500 metric:1 rx packets:315 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 tx packets:151 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 rx bytes:29390 (28.7 kib) tx bytes:19900 (19.4 kib) memory:f0000000-f0020000
lo link encap:local loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 scope:host up loopback running mtu:16436 metric:1 rx packets:1504 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 tx packets:1504 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 rx bytes:4332028 (4.1 mib) tx bytes:4332028 (4.1 mib)
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$
考试时可用sudo来继承root用户权限做管理员操作
准备工作：
1.查看oracle环境变量。
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile # .bash_profile
# get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi
# user specific environment and startup programs
export oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle export oracle_home=$oracle_base/product/10.2.0/db_1 export ld_library_path=$oracle_home/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export path=$oracle_home/bin:$path path=$path:$home/bin
export path [oracle@ocm1 ~]$
2.设置一下sqlplus命令提示符。
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql -- -- copyright (c) 1988, 2004, oracle corporation. all rights reserved. -- -- name -- glogin.sql -- -- description -- sql*plus global login site profile file -- -- add any sql*plus commands here that are to be executed when a -- user starts sql*plus, or uses the sql*plus connect command -- -- usage -- this script is automatically run --
-- used by trusted oracle column rowlabel format a15
-- used for the show errors command column line/col format a8 column error format a65 word_wrapped
-- used for the show sga command column name_col_plus_show_sga format a24 column units_col_plus_show_sga format a15 -- defaults for show parameters column name_col_plus_show_param format a36 heading name column value_col_plus_show_param format a30 heading value
-- defaults for show recyclebin column origname_plus_show_recyc format a16 heading 'original name' column objectname_plus_show_recyc format a30 heading 'recyclebin name' column objtype_plus_show_recyc format a12 heading 'object type' column droptime_plus_show_recyc format a19 heading 'drop time'
-- defaults for set autotrace explain report -- these column definitions are only used when sql*plus -- is connected to oracle 9.2 or earlier. column id_plus_exp format 990 heading i column parent_id_plus_exp format 990 heading p column plan_plus_exp format a60 column object_node_plus_exp format a8 column other_tag_plus_exp format a29 column other_plus_exp format a44
-- default for xquery column result_plus_xquery heading 'result sequence' set sqlprompt_user'@'_connect_identifier> /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql 49l, 1569c written
3.查看是否有user和连接的标识符。
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ export oracle_sid=prod [oracle@ocm1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
sql*plus: release 10.2.0.2.0 - production on mon apr 14 08:23:03 2014
copyright (c) 1982, 2005, oracle. all rights reserved.
@>conn /as sysdba connected to an idle instance. sys@prod>
#################################################################################################################### ora-12162: tns:net service name is incorrectly specified -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
sql*plus: release 10.2.0.2.0 - production on mon apr 14 08:21:30 2014
copyright (c) 1982, 2005, oracle. all rights reserved.
@>conn /as sysdba error: ora-12162: tns:net service name is incorrectly specified
指定oracle_sid=prod即可 ####################################################################################################################
手动建库步骤：
1.创建密码文件
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/ [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ ll total 28 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 12920 may 3 2001 initdw.ora -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 8385 sep 11 1998 init.ora [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ orapwd file=orapwprod password=oracle entries=30 [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ ll total 36 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 12920 may 3 2001 initdw.ora -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 8385 sep 11 1998 init.ora -rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5120 apr 14 08:26 orapwprod [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$
2.创建相关目录
[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/admin/prod/adump [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/admin/prod/bdump [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/admin/prod/cdump [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/admin/prod/udump [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/oradata/prod/disk1 [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/oradata/prod/disk2/arch [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/oradata/prod/disk3 [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/oradata/prod/disk4 [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ mkdir -p $oracle_base/oradata/prod/disk5 [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$
3.创建pfile参数文件
[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ vi initprod.ora
control_files=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/control01.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk2/control02.ctl','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk3/control03.ctl') db_block_size=8192 db_create_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1 db_create_online_log_dest_1=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1 db_name=prod job_queue_processes=10 log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk2/arch' processes=200 sga_target=500m background_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/bdump core_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/cdump user_dump_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/udump undo_management=auto undo_tablespace=undotbs1 undo_retention=5400 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ initprod.ora [new] 16l, 659c written [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$
4.使用pfile生成spfile。
[oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ export oracle_sid=prod [oracle@ocm1 dbs]$ sqlplus /nolog
sql*plus: release 10.2.0.2.0 - production on mon apr 14 08:33:48 2014
copyright (c) 1982, 2005, oracle. all rights reserved.
@>conn /as sysdba connected to an idle instance. sys@prod>create spfile from pfile;
file created.
sys@prod
5.然后启动到nomount，再查看是否以spfile启动的。
sys@prod>startup nomount oracle instance started.
total system global area 524288000 bytes fixed size 1261788 bytes variable size 146804516 bytes database buffers 373293056 bytes redo buffers 2928640 bytes
sys@prod>show parameter spfile
name type value ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ spfile string /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0 /db_1/dbs/spfileprod.ora
sys@prod>show parameter dest
name type value ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ audit_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/adump background_dump_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/bdump core_dump_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/cdump db_create_file_dest string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1 db_create_online_log_dest_1 string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1 ... user_dump_dest string /u01/app/oracle/admin/prod/udump
6，创建数据库脚本。
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ pwd /home/oracle [oracle@ocm1 ~]$ vi create_database.sql
create database prod user sys identified by oracle user system identified by oracle logfile group 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo01.log') size 100m, group 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo02.log') size 100m, group 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo03.log') size 100m maxlogfiles 5 maxlogmembers 5 maxloghistory 1 maxdatafiles 100 maxinstances 1 character set al32utf8 national character set al16utf16 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/system01.dbf' size 325m reuse extent management local sysaux datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/sysaux01.dbf' size 325m reuse default temporary tablespace tempts1 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/temp01.dbf' size 20m reuse undo tablespace undotbs1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/undotbs01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited;
[oracle@ocm1 ~]$ ll total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 885 apr 14 08:44 create_database.sql
7.在nomount阶段运行脚本，创建数据库。
sys@prod>@/home/oracle/create_database
database created.
8.创建数据库时，可以查看相关的告警日志。
[oracle@ocm1 bdump]$ tail -f alert_prod.log
mon apr 14 20:43:36 2014 create database prod user sys identified by *user system identified by *logfile group 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo01.log') size 100m, group 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo02.log') size 100m, group 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo03.log') size 100m maxlogfiles 5 maxlogmembers 5 maxloghistory 1 maxdatafiles 100 maxinstances 1 character set al32utf8 national character set al16utf16 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/system01.dbf' size 325m reuse extent management local sysaux datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/sysaux01.dbf' size 325m reuse default temporary tablespace tempts1 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/temp01.dbf' size 20m reuse undo tablespace undotbs1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/undotbs01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited mon apr 14 20:43:38 2014 database mounted in exclusive mode mon apr 14 20:45:36 2014 successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 256759032 assigning activation id 256759032 (0xf4dd4f8) thread 1 opened at log sequence 1 current log# 1 seq# 1 mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo01.log successful open of redo thread 1 mon apr 14 20:45:37 2014 mttr advisory is disabled because fast_start_mttr_target is not set mon apr 14 20:45:37 2014 smon: enabling cache recovery mon apr 14 20:45:37 2014 create tablespace system datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/system01.dbf' size 325m reuse
extent management local online mon apr 14 20:45:47 2014 completed: create tablespace system datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/system01.dbf' size 325m reuse extent management local online mon apr 14 20:45:47 2014 create rollback segment system tablespace system storage (initial 50k next 50k) completed: create rollback segment system tablespace system storage (initial 50k next 50k) mon apr 14 20:46:02 2014 create undo tablespace undotbs1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/undotbs01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited mon apr 14 20:46:07 2014 successfully onlined undo tablespace 1. completed: create undo tablespace undotbs1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/undotbs01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited mon apr 14 20:46:07 2014 create tablespace sysaux datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/sysaux01.dbf' size 325m reuse
extent management local segment space management auto online mon apr 14 20:46:20 2014 completed: create tablespace sysaux datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/sysaux01.dbf' size 325m reuse extent management local segment space management auto online mon apr 14 20:46:21 2014 create temporary tablespace tempts1 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/temp01.dbf' size 20m reuse
completed: create temporary tablespace tempts1 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/temp01.dbf' size 20m reuse mon apr 14 20:46:21 2014 alter database default temporary tablespace tempts1 completed: alter database default temporary tablespace tempts1 mon apr 14 20:46:21 2014 alter database default tablespace system completed: alter database default tablespace system mon apr 14 20:46:26 2014 smon: enabling tx recovery mon apr 14 20:46:31 2014 threshold validation cannot be done before catproc is loaded. replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found) starting background process qmnc qmnc started with pid=14, os id=2495 mon apr 14 20:46:32 2014 completed: create database prod user sys identified by *user system identified by *logfile group 1 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo01.log') size 100m, group 2 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo02.log') size 100m, group 3 ('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/redo03.log') size 100m maxlogfiles 5 maxlogmembers 5 maxloghistory 1 maxdatafiles 100 maxinstances 1 character set al32utf8 national character set al16utf16 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/system01.dbf' size 325m reuse extent management local sysaux datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/sysaux01.dbf' size 325m reuse default temporary tablespace tempts1 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/temp01.dbf' size 20m reuse undo tablespace undotbs1 datafile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/prod/disk1/undotbs01.dbf' size 100m reuse autoextend on maxsize unlimited