（1）
sql> startup pfile=/oracle/admin/db/pfile/init.ora.73201416940
oracle instance started.
total system global area 285212672 bytes
fixed size 2095704 bytes
variable size 88081832 bytes
database buffers 188743680 bytes
redo buffers 6291456 bytes
database mounted.
database opened.
（2）
sql> create spfile from pfile='/oracle/admin/db/pfile/init.ora.73201416940';
file created.
（3）
重新启动，可以找到spfile
备份spfilesql> create pfile='/oracle/admin/pfile.ora' from spfile;
file created.