机械表 机械表（mechanical watch）通常可分为下列两种：手上链及自动上链手表（automatic）两种。这两款机械的动力来源皆是靠机芯内的发条为动力，带动齿轮进而推动表针，只是动力来源的方式有异。手上发条的机械表是依靠手作动力，机芯的厚度较一般自动上发条的表薄一些，相对来说手表的重量就轻。而自动上链的手表，是利用机芯的自动旋转盘左右摆动产生动力来驱动发条的，但相对来讲手表的厚度要比手上发条的表大一些。 机械表 -种类 手动机械表 是靠手动上紧发条来驱动的手表。 手动机械表通常经由转动表冠/龙头，来上紧表内的发条，藉发条系统释放出动能来启动手表的计时功能。所有的这些过程都由机械原理和构造来完成。 经上满的发条通常可以使手表行走约30多小时，最长的甚至可达八天或以上（由2组发条提供动力）。如要手表不停运作，通常建议一天上满一次发条；但发条上得过紧可能会使发条盒损坏。甚至有人建议在每天相约的时间上发条，其原因是不同时间的温度对于发条会有所影响，这样能更好地保养手表。 自动机械表 是手动机械表的一种改良，在表里加入了一个摆陀；当在配戴时，表内的摆陀可因手腕的活动而旋转，而达到上发条的效果。一般的自动机械表仍保留手动上发条的功能，换言之仍可以转动表冠来上发条，只有一些较为便宜的自动机械机芯，例如精工的7s26、7s36及eta的2842，才会省略此功能。而且由于手腕的活动会为手表持续上发条，因此自动机械表都有防止发条过紧的功能，以避免发条损坏。但自动机械表的出现，并没有完全取代手动机械表，只是现在自动机械表的产品较手动机械表为多。 20世纪年代以来，自动机械表有着不少的改良，例如精工推的kinetic人动电能手表，其原理仍是以手腕的活动导致摆陀旋转而产生电力。[page] 优劣势 机械表的优点 无需更换电池，经由定期的保养洗油，可使用很长的时间。 机械表的缺点 较石英表大，因制作的质量有高低及表内部的机芯易受地心引力的影响而产生误差。通常机械表的是以每天差多少秒来计算的，而石英表的是以每月差多少秒来计算。 工作原理 发条是为手表提供能量的零件，圈绕在条盒内。利用条轴上的铣方槽上紧发条。条轴的方槽是由上条机构驱动。手表在无复上条情况下，即能走时36到50小时左右。由于发条经受明显的应力，时常会导致断裂，因此，当前，采用合金材料，使发条几乎不断裂。发条储存一定的能量，以均匀小量地分配给振荡器。为此，提供的能量通过轮列组，由轮列组以相同比例缩减传输力的同时增加圈数。该轮列组包括4只轮和4只齿轮，后3只轮是铆压在前3只齿轮上。在该示意图上，斜线表示动件之间的啮合，而横线则表示动件铆接在相同轴上。第一只轮是圆周铣齿的条盒轮。最后一只轮是擒纵机构齿轮，擒纵轮铆压在该齿轮上。擒纵轮属于分配机构及计数器。条盒轮转一圈约6小时，在此段时间内，擒纵齿轮和擒纵轮转约3600圈。这数字代表第一只轮和最后一只轮之间的旋转频率比。该比例始终在此数值范围内。一般都设法使齿轮和分轮在手表的中心，并每小时转一圈。[page]手表结构 手表齿轮 手表的齿轮传动系，特别是主传动轮系，广泛采用一种所谓圆弧齿形。这种齿形是接线齿形演变而来的，因纯摆线齿形加工很难，故用圆弧来代替摆线，也叫做修正摆线齿形，能使齿轴的最少齿数为6，从而在轮片齿数不太多的条件下能取得大的传动比，这对减小机心直径、对高频手表中极为有利。传动效率比较高，一般能达到95%左右。由于手表机心尺寸小，条盒轮组件所储存的能量并不大，若能量损失太大，会直接影响手表的走时质量。对加工误差的敏感性较大。如齿形误差和中心距误差，都会引起啮合特性的改变。由于其齿形由相啮合的一对齿轮和模数所决定，因此齿数和模数不同，所使用的滚刀和铣刀也不相同。 擒纵机构 擒纵机构的组成很简单，瑞士手表零件比较少，主要由擒纵轮，擒纵叉部件（包括擒纵叉、进瓦、出瓦、叉头钉、叉轴）、双圆盘部件（双圆盘，圆盘钉）及在主夹板上的限位钉等组成。但有些手表未用限位钉，而是直接在主夹板或叉夹板铣出两凸台来限位。也有的是用擒纵叉部件上伸出的一个钉，插入主夹板上的一个孔内，以孔两壁限位。这种擒纵机构叫叉瓦式擒机构，其又分为直叉式和侧叉式两种。前者是擒纵轮轴孔、擒纵叉轴孔、摆轴孔在一条线上；后者是这三孔的联线有一定夹角。尽管两种形式上不相同，但其组成和工作原理是相同的。主要用于中、高级手表中。 摆轮游丝 摆轮游丝系是产生稳定振动频率的部分。这两部分通过传动轮系、擒纵机构有机联系起来，组成了手表机心的主干。摆轮游丝组件的振动要消耗一定的能量，而这一能量的补充是由原动系供给的。供给多，摆轮游丝组件摆幅大；反之，供给能量小，摆轮游丝组件摆动角度小，即摆幅小。如果供给的能量始终保持一常量，那么摆轮游丝组件摆动角度也不变，即摆幅不变。实际上供给能量不变是不可能的。因为机械手表以上紧的发条供给原动力．随着发条的放松其力矩就会越来越小．当然供给的能量也相应变小。另外此能量又通过传动系和擒纵机构，而传动系齿轮传动的啮合特性，擒纵机构的工作特性、传动效率、擒纵机构效率等部在不断地变化，因此栏轮游丝组件在不同时间内摆幅也不一样，若用摆幅仪或摆幅记录仪测量，所示数值是在不断波动的，一般取某段时间内最大值、最小值的平均值表示该段时间内的摆幅。
【什么是机械表？它与石英表又有哪些区别？它有什么样的魅力能让那么多人痴迷？让万表世界小编带您走进机械表的神秘国度…>>>进入专题】
mechanical watch mechanical watches (mechanical watch) can usually be divided into the following two types: hand chain and automatic winding watches (automatic) two. the power source of these two machines is driven by the clockwork in the movement, which drives the gears to propel the needle, but the way the power source is different. the mechanical watch on the hand is powered by the hand, the thickness of the movement is more thin than the average automatic winding of the table, relatively the weight of the watch is light. and the automatic winding of the watch, is the use of the movement of the automatic rotating disk left and right swing to generate power to drive the clockwork, but relatively the thickness of the watch is larger than the table on the hand. mechanical watches-kinds of manual mechanical watches are watches that are driven by manual tightening of the clockwork. manual mechanical meter usually by turning the crown/faucet, to tighten the clockwork in the table, through the clockwork system release can be activated to start the watch function. all of these processes are done by mechanical principles and constructs. a full clockwork usually allows the watch to walk for about more than 30 hours, up to a maximum of eight days or more (powered by 2 sets of clockwork). if the watch is not working continuously, it is usually recommended to make a clockwork one day at a time, but too tight on the clockwork may damage the clockwork box. it has even been suggested that the clockwork be made on a daily basis, because temperatures at different times can have an impact on the clockwork, which allows for better maintenance of the watch.the automatic mechanical meter is an improvement of the manual mechanical meter, and a pendulum is added to the table, and when worn, the pendulum in the watch can be rotated due to the activity of the wrist, and the effect of the winding is achieved. the general automatic mechanical watch still retains the function of manual winding, in other words, the crown can still be rotated to the clockwork, only some of the cheaper automatic mechanical movement, such as seiko's 7s26, 7s36 and eta 2842, will omit this function. and because the wrist activity will continue to clockwork for the watch, so the automatic mechanical watch has the function of preventing the clockwork from tightening, in order to avoid the wound damage. however, the appearance of automatic mechanical watches does not completely replace manual mechanical watches, but now the automatic mechanical table products are more than manual mechanical watches. since the 20th century, there have been a number of improvements in automatic mechanical watches, such as the kinetic dynamic energy watches pushed by seiko, which is still based on the activity of the wrist leading to the rotation of the pendulum to generate electricity. [page] advantages and disadvantages of mechanical watches do not need to replace the battery, through regular maintenance of oil washing, can be used for a long time. the disadvantages of mechanical watches are larger than those of quartz watches, which produce errors due to the quality of the production and the vulnerability of the movement inside the table to gravity. usually the mechanical table is calculated in terms of how many seconds are left each day, while the quartz table is calculated in terms of how many seconds of difference per month. working principle the clockwork is a part that provides energy for the watch and is circled around the box.use the milling square groove on the bar to tighten the clockwork. the square groove of the axis is driven by the upper mechanism. the watch can travel for about 36-50 hours without a copy of the upper bar. because the clockwork is subjected to obvious stress, it often leads to breakage, so at present, alloy materials are used to make the clockwork almost non-fractured. the clockwork stores a certain amount of energy and distributes it evenly and in small quantities to the oscillator. to this end, the energy provided is increased by the wheel group, which reduces the transmission force at the same scale and increases the number of laps. the wheel group consists of 4 wheels and 4 gears, and the last 3 wheels are riveted on the top 3 gears. on the schematic, the slash indicates the meshing between the moving parts, while the horizontal line indicates that the moving piece is riveted on the same axis. the first wheel is the box wheel of the circumference milling tooth. the last wheel is the escapement mechanism gear, the escapement wheel riveting on the gear. the escapement wheel belongs to the distribution mechanism and counter. the box rotates for about 6 hours, during which time the escapement gear and the escapement rotate about 3600 laps. this number represents the rotation frequency ratio between the first and last wheels. the scale is always within this value range. generally try to make gears and sub-wheels in the center of the watch and turn around every hour. [page] watch structure watches the gear transmission system of gear watch, especially the main drive wheel, widely uses a kind of so-called arc tooth shape. this tooth shape is the evolution of the wiring tooth shape, because the pure cycloid tooth shape processing is difficult,...the swinging wheel of the pendulum wire is the part that produces the stable vibration frequency. these two parts through the transmission wheel, escapement mechanism organically linked to form the backbone of the watch machine heart. the vibration of the pendulum wire assembly consumes a certain amount of energy, and the supplement of this energy is supplied by the original dynamic system. supply is more, swing wheel wire assembly is large; conversely, the supply energy is small, the swing angle of the pendulum filament assembly is small, that is, the pendulum is small. if the supplied energy is always constant, then the swing angle of the pendulum filament assembly remains the same, that is, the swing is unchanged. in fact, it is impossible to supply energy unchanged. because the mechanical table above the tight clockwork supply the driving force. as the clockwork relaxes, its torque will become smaller. of course, the energy supplied is correspondingly smaller. in addition, this energy through the transmission system and escapement mechanism, and the transmission system gear transmission meshing characteristics, the working characteristics of the escapement mechanism, transmission efficiency, escapement mechanism efficiency and other departments are constantly changing, so the column wheel wire assembly in different time swing is not the same, if the pendulum or swing recorder measurement, the value shown is constantly fluctuating, generally take the average of the maximum and minimum values for a certain period of time to indicate the pendulum within that period.
what is a mechanical watch? what is the difference between it and quartz watches? what kind of charisma does it have to make so many people obsessed? let the world's small editor take you into the mysterious country of the mechanical watch ... >>> entry topic
劳力士表走快了,保修么
维修中心地址:上海市静安区南京西路梅龙镇广场12楼 品牌简介 劳力士（rolex）是瑞士的手表制造商，前身为wilsdorf and davis（w&d）公司，由德国人汉斯·威斯多夫（hans wilsdof）与英国人戴维斯（alfred davis）于1905年在伦敦合伙经营。1908 年由汉斯·威斯多夫在瑞士的拉夏德芬（la chaux-de-fonds）注册更名为rolex。劳力士以庄重、实用、不显浮华的风格广受成功人士喜爱，其表款高度精准且具备超高的耐用度，在钟表圈中，劳 力士的爱好者们常常会用一句话来形容劳力士：一“劳”永逸。
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